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On Oct. 30, the S&P 500 was within 2% of its 2019 closing level, while the technology-focused NASDAQ grew more than 20% over the same period.

The market through October continued to make the case for a steady approach to investing, especially as this is a historically volatile time – the months surrounding a U.S. presidential election – amid a historic, complicated year.

In general, the outlook remains optimistic, even as the market has experienced mixed news dominated by the pandemic and the responses to it.

Improving economic activity and promising corporate earnings helped the S&P 500 start to climb out of its September gloom. However, those gains were met with increasingly concerning reports of a third wave of COVID-19 outbreaks across the U.S., with a record rate of new cases reported, and a resurgence of the virus in Europe.

As a result, the S&P 500 has closed lower for the second consecutive month. But, “despite the decline in equity prices, the credit market has shown little sign of stress,” Chief Investment Officer Larry Adam said, a sign of underlying confidence.

Fiscal stimulus remained a hope, but as the month continued, investors’ expectations seemed to cool, adding to government-related uncertainty as the election drew closer.

If President Donald Trump is reelected, investors could see a package before the December 11 government funding expiration date, Washington Policy Analyst Ed Mills said. A Democratic sweep would likely result in a larger package, he added, but it may come in stages through the early part of 2021. The biggest market risk is likely a prolonged, uncertain or contested election.

Though October ended with broad reductions across the mainstream market indices, it’s important to remember that even with the uncertainty and volatility of the year, investors have managed to hold the line, showing an optimistic, if cautious, view of the future. Here are the numbers:

Performance reflects price returns as of market close on Oct. 30, 2020. MSCI EAFE and Bloomberg Barclays Aggregate Bond values represent Oct. 29 closing price.

Here’s a brief look at some other points of interest across the economy and the world:

Gross domestic product rebounds in third quarter

The U.S.’s gross domestic product (GDP) saw a record increase from July through September, reversing about two-thirds of the plunge it took in the second quarter. Housing and durable consumer goods made up the bulk of the gain, with the service economy continuing to struggle.

Corporate earnings exceed expectations

There are good reasons to see the recent pullback as an opportunity to buy while keeping in mind that volatility could remain high in the near term, said Joey Madere, senior portfolio strategist, Equity Portfolio & Technical Strategy. With about one-third of earnings season to go, third quarter earnings results have come in well above expectations, leading to a 13.4% increase in full-quarter estimates so far.

Fixed-income investments snap back to safety

The election, the pandemic and their economic consequences have spurred uncertainty among fixed-income investments, as well. Yield curves steepened through the month as investors seemed to get comfortable with the idea of forthcoming stimulus and reacted rapidly when those expectations diminished, said Doug Drabik, managing director, fixed income research. The 30-year versus 1-year Treasury retracted swiftly as we saw a return to safe-haven investments.

European and Asian markets show different virus impacts

European market indices have taken a hit as new restrictions are implemented and fears about the economy have risen, said European Strategist Chris Bailey. In Asia, led by China, markets are trading flat-to-upward as pandemic concerns abate.

“As international equity markets typically remain more lowly valued than their American equivalents, this highlights a potential diversification role they can play in investors’ portfolios,” Bailey added.

European Union carbon law moves forward

Pending European Union legislation that would set a net-zero carbon dioxide emissions target of 2050 was approved by environment ministers this month. The law would also expand the current decarbonization requirements for 2030. A final decision will be made December 10 and 11.

The bottom line

In a normal year, it’s not uncommon to see the S&P 500 experience three or four pullbacks of 5% or more. As fatigue about COVID-19 and the election diminish, the market should focus more closely on fundamentals, which are expected to improve as we move into 2021.

Your advisor will continue to share any new developments that affect your financial plan. In the meantime, please reach out to him or her if you have any questions.

Investing involves risk, and investors may incur a profit or a loss. All expressions of opinion reflect the judgment of the authors and are subject to change. There is no assurance the trends mentioned will continue or that the forecasts discussed will be realized. Past performance may not be indicative of future results. Economic and market conditions are subject to change. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is an unmanaged index of 30 widely held stocks. The NASDAQ Composite Index is an unmanaged index of all common stocks listed on the NASDAQ National Stock Market. The S&P 500 is an unmanaged index of 500 widely held stocks. The MSCI EAFE (Europe, Australia, Far East) index is an unmanaged index that is generally considered representative of the international stock market. The Russell 2000 is an unmanaged index of small-cap securities. The Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index is a broad-based flagship benchmark that measures the investment grade, U.S. dollar-denominated, fixed-rate taxable bond market. An investment cannot be made in these indexes. International investing involves special risks, including currency fluctuations, differing financial accounting standards, and possible political and economic volatility. Investing in emerging markets can be riskier than investing in well-established foreign markets. Investing involves risk and investors may incur a profit or a loss.